Introduction :

5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices.

What is the 5G Network :

5G is the 5th generation mobile network. 5G wireless technology is meant to deliver higher multi-Gbps peak data speeds, ultra low latency, more reliability, massive network capacity, increased availability, and a more uniform user experience to more users. South Korea is the country which deployed the first 5G network.

     

South Korea is the country which deployed the first 5G network and is expected to stay in the lead as far as penetration of the technology goes, By 2025, almost 60 percent of mobile subscriptions in South Korea are expected to be for 5G networks.

 

What is an Antenna?

5G will use Advanced Antenna System (AAS) - a mixture of AAS radio and a set of AAS features. AAS includes multi-antenna techniques namely beamforming and MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output).

                           

Recent technology developments have made advanced antenna systems (AAS) a viable option for large scale deployments    in existing 4G and future 5G mobile networks. AAS enables state-of-the-art beamforming and MIMO techniques that are powerful tools.

 

         

 

How the New 5G Features Create New Antenna Design Challenges :

                                              

                               

To plan and design antennas for the functionality of 5G, it's important to understand the challenges and how to address them.  Here we review those considerations.

 

Actively Tunable Antenna System :

Due to stringent size constraints, modern wireless devices typically use active antenna tuners as an effective mean to shrink antenna size. It can tune antenna smartly based on the changing operating environment, frequency band, and bandwidth coverage. With a potentially higher order of CA in 5G and additional cellular bands, the antenna tuning system must be able to support more tuner state as well as wider frequency bandwidth per tuner state.

 

Frequency Bands :

Based on 3GPP Release 15, two basic frequency ranges (FR1 and FR2) are to be used for 5G:

 

FR1: 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz; FR2: 24.25 to 52.6 GHz

In FR1, 5G adopts 3 ~ 3.8, 3.8 ~ 4.2, and 4.4 ~ 4.9 GHz bands on top of the existing sub-3GHz bands in 4G LTE. This posts new requirements for cellular antennas to provide additional frequency coverages in the sub-6GHz frequency range.

 

Advantages of AAS In 5G :

                  

               

• For improving user’s experience.
• For used in powerful tools.
• Large capacity.
• Wide coverage area.
• High speed working.

Industrial IoT :

                                        

                                                            

                     

Future industries will depend on smart wireless technologies like 5G and LTE advanced for efficient automation of equipment, predictive maintenance, safety, process tracking, smart packing, shipping, logistics and energy management.

 

Smart sensor technology offers unlimited solutions for industrial IoT for smarter, safe, cost effective and energy efficient industrial operation.

 

Use of 5G Network in Home Appliances :

                                         

Usually we prefer Beamforming method for home applications, Because we know that we require less.

No. of servers and load compared to the office appliances.

We use AAS or 5G network in many IOT based in our day todays applications in our home.

 

 

Advantages of 5G :

                   

• High resolution and bi-directional large bandwidth shaping.
• Technology to gather all networks on one platform.
• More effective and efficient.
• Technology to facilitate subscriber supervision tools for the quick action.
• Most likely, will provide a huge broadcasting data (in Gigabit), which will support more than 60,000 connections.

• Easily manageable with the previous generations
• Technological sound to support heterogeneous services (including private network).
• Possible to provide uniform, uninterrupted, and consistent connectivity across the world.

References : 

https://www.ericsson.com/en/reports-and-papers/white-papers/advanced-antenna-systems-for-5g-networks

https://www.digi.com/blog/post/solving-5g-antenna-design-challenges

Written By :

02 Pratik Chandakavathe.

06 Tejal Deshmukh.

08 Nikhil Dharangutte.

38 Akshay Parase.

57 Aditya Vhanmane.